Abstract:
Abstract
Background: Despite the existence of an abortion law and a safe abortion policy in Ghana, the Ghana Statistical
Service found that 15% of all women in the reproductive age group (15–49 years) have practiced unsafe abortions.
The objective of this study was to explore factors that contribute to the high incidence of unsafe abortion practices
in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.
Methods: A qualitative descriptive study design was used to assess factors that contribute to unsafe abortion
practices. Purposive sampling technique was employed in selecting participants. Data were collected through key
informant interviews and focus group discussions. One hundred and eleven participants were involved in the study.
Data analysis was carried out through qualitative content analysis.
Results: Seven thematic categories were elicited from data collected. The categories are: a) Lack of knowledge of
safe abortion services; b) Socio-economic conditions as a perceived influence for unsafe abortion practices; c) Safe
abortion as a perceived religious and cultural taboo in Ghana; d) Stigma of unplanned pregnancy; e) A desire to
bear children only after marriage; f) Avoiding parental/guardian disappointment and resentment; g) A desire to
pursue education.
Conclusions: Evidence available in this study suggests that several factors are responsible for unsafe abortion
practices in Ghana. Lack of knowledge on safe abortion services, poor socio-economic conditions, cultural and
religious beliefs, a stigma of unplanned pregnancy, a desire to bear children only after marriage, attempts to avoid
parental/guardian disappointment and resentment, and a desire to pursue education were cited by participants as
situations that contributed to unsafe abortion practices. Measures such as Aunty Jane, Ms. Rose and Women Help
Women programmes can be publicised to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality that occur as a result of unsafe
abortions in Ghana. Improvement in family planning education in educational institutions needs to be considered
in order to reduce the rate of unwanted pregnancies among young women in school.
Keywords: Unsafe, Abortion, Ghana, Law, Taboo, Stigma, Unplanned, Abortion policy, Ashanti
